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|def="Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)." [http://www.rivm.nl/interspeciesinfo/inter/oesophagus/, Wikipedia:Esophagus]
|def="Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)." [http://www.rivm.nl/interspeciesinfo/inter/oesophagus/, Wikipedia:Esophagus]
|derives_from=
|derives_from=
|develops_from=UBERON:0009143
|develops_from=UBERON:0001041
|disjoint_from=
|disjoint_from=
|has_quality=
|has_quality=
|id=UBERON:0001043
|id=UBERON:0001043
|is_a=UBERON:0004921;;UBERON:0005178
|is_a=UBERON:0004921 ;;UBERON:0005178 ;;UBERON:0013765
|is_obsolete=
|is_obsolete=
|located_in=
|located_in=
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|namespace=
|namespace=
|obo_creation_date=
|obo_creation_date=
|part_of=UBERON:0001007;;UBERON:0001041;;UBERON:0002224
|part_of=UBERON:0004908
|preceded_by=
|preceded_by=
|property_value=IAO:0000412 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/cl-to-uberon.owl;;IAO:0000412 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl;;UBPROP:0000001 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]" xsd:string
|property_value=IAO:0000412 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/cl-to-uberon.owl;;IAO:0000412 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon.owl;;UBPROP:0000001 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]" xsd:string

Revision as of 11:00, 12 September 2014

Name:esophagus
Definition:"Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)." Wikipedia:Esophagus
Xrefs:
links:

AAO:0000145
ANISEED:1235301
BTO:0000959
EFO:0000835
EHDAA2:0001285
EHDAA:2937
EMAPA:16833
EMAPA:18860
EV:0100069
FMA:7131
GAID:291
galen:Esophagus
[1]
MA:0000352
MAT:0000048
MESH:A.03.365
MIAA:0000048
ncithesaurus:Esophagus
OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj9Q5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA
SCTID:181245004
TAO:0000204
VHOG:0000450
XAO:0000127

ZFA:0000204
Synonyms: "gullet" EXACT []
"oesophagus" EXACT []
"��ソス驛スophagus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Esophagus]
Comments:esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)
Alt_id: UBERON:FBbt_00005381-FMA_7131-MA_0000352-MIAA_0000048-XAO_0000127-ZFA_0000204
Subset: major_organ
organ_slim
uberon_slim
vertebrate_core

Ontology association<br>Each term has an is_a parent in the Uberon Ontology, which has a linkage to an another entity and FANTOM5 samples.Libraries were grouped into mutually exclusive facets according to the FANTOM5 sample ontology mapping to UBERON ontologies.<br><br>link to ontology dataset<br>data


Parents

is_a:UBERON:0004921(subdivision of digestive tract),UBERON:0005178(thoracic cavity element),UBERON:0013765(digestive system element)
develops_from:UBERON:0001041(foregut)
part_of:UBERON:0004908(upper digestive tract)



Children

is a:FF:0102817 (esophageal cancer cell line)
derives from:FF:0010015 (human esophagus - adult sample)
part of:CL:0002252 (epithelial cell of esophagus),CL:0002599 (smooth muscle cell of the esophagus)

Ontology Tree: Loaded from BioPortal

Ontorolgy tree(Small window open)

FF samples<br>It includes FANTOM5 samples that overlay the Uberon ontology


Human (Homo sapiens)

... further results


Enrichment analysis: top 100 FFCP enriched with this ontology term TOP 100 FANTOM5 Cage Peaks enriched with UBERON:0001043 (esophagus), sorted by p-values <br>Analyst: Hideya Kawaji<br><br>link to source dataset <br>human : data <br>mouse : data


P-valueFFCPShort description
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr12:9008112..9008120,+#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p25@A2ML1
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr12:8995874..8995875,+#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p26@A2ML1
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr7:46193488..46193497,+#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p@chr7:46193488..46193497, +
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr12:53202541..53202544,-#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p@chr12:53202541..53202544, -
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr7:46193488..46193497,+#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p@chr7:46193488..46193497, +
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr12:9010623..9010637,+#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p@chr12:9010623..9010637, +
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr12:9008112..9008120,+#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p25@A2ML1
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr12:53201644..53201647,-#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p18@KRT4
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr12:9010623..9010637,+#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p@chr12:9010623..9010637, +
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr12:53201644..53201647,-#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p18@KRT4
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr12:53200931..53200932,-#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p@chr12:53200931..53200932, -
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr12:8995874..8995875,+#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p26@A2ML1
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr1:118570971..118570976,-#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p@chr1:118570971..118570976, -
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr12:53202541..53202544,-#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p@chr12:53202541..53202544, -
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr12:53200931..53200932,-#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p@chr12:53200931..53200932, -
2.39e-66FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr1:118570971..118570976,-#_3fa8eaf43b112bf508a1d850ddaa1a07p@chr1:118570971..118570976, -
1.28e-53FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr10:105495838..105495848,-#_8773a9e3560d6f599e472f40fcf63c16p@chr10:105495838..105495848, -
1.28e-53FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr10:105495838..105495848,-#_8773a9e3560d6f599e472f40fcf63c16p@chr10:105495838..105495848, -
3.94e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr11:8795787..8795804,-#_8ae68dc71e3a043ad23ca34958d45c53p26@ST5
3.94e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr11:8795787..8795804,-#_8ae68dc71e3a043ad23ca34958d45c53p26@ST5
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr16:70602961..70602972,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr16:70602961..70602972, +
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr7:75927025..75927030,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr7:75927025..75927030, -
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr6:31023284..31023287,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr6:31023284..31023287, -
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr6:31023284..31023287,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr6:31023284..31023287, -
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr17:39659243..39659248,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr17:39659243..39659248, +
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr12:53201621..53201631,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p14@KRT4
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr14:80697396..80697402,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p25@DIO2
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr3:259245..259270,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p19@CHL1
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr18:29006862..29006869,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr18:29006862..29006869, -
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr14:80697396..80697402,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p25@DIO2
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr18:29006862..29006869,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr18:29006862..29006869, -
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr17:39659243..39659248,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr17:39659243..39659248, +
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr3:259245..259270,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p19@CHL1
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr6:30043497..30043501,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p4@RNF39
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr6:30043497..30043501,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p4@RNF39
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr12:53201621..53201631,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p14@KRT4
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr8:126017792..126017808,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p15@SQLE
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr1:152975795..152975798,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p22@AB587575
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr6:30954191..30954198,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr6:30954191..30954198, -
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr8:17611395..17611403,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p50@MTUS1
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr6:30954191..30954198,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr6:30954191..30954198, -
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr7:75926905..75926913,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr7:75926905..75926913, -
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr8:126017792..126017808,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p15@SQLE
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr1:152975795..152975798,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p22@AB587575
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr6:30954100..30954103,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p10@MUC21
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr15:90030191..90030200,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr15:90030191..90030200, -
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr6:30954100..30954103,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p10@MUC21
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr8:17611395..17611403,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p50@MTUS1
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr16:70602961..70602972,+#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr16:70602961..70602972, +
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr7:75926905..75926913,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr7:75926905..75926913, -
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr15:90030191..90030200,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr15:90030191..90030200, -
4.27e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr7:75927025..75927030,-#_321618ec4a15cc7539d68a4c0fcdd7e5p@chr7:75927025..75927030, -
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr15:99637405..99637416,+#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p@chr15:99637405..99637416, +
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr15:71839224..71839247,+#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p11@THSD4
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr17:39657548..39657549,-#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p@chr17:39657548..39657549, -
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr1:55272540..55272552,+#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p@chr1:55272540..55272552, +
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr1:55272540..55272552,+#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p@chr1:55272540..55272552, +
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr3:37061825..37061832,+#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p@chr3:37061825..37061832, +
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr3:37061825..37061832,+#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p@chr3:37061825..37061832, +
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr15:101069325..101069330,-#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p7@CERS3
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr15:101069325..101069330,-#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p7@CERS3
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr2:31476953..31476977,+#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p@chr2:31476953..31476977, +
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr2:31476953..31476977,+#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p@chr2:31476953..31476977, +
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr15:99637405..99637416,+#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p@chr15:99637405..99637416, +
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr17:39657548..39657549,-#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p@chr17:39657548..39657549, -
5.96e-34FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr15:71839224..71839247,+#_77fb3204fbe1972a3a05bf6aad42c645p11@THSD4
1.08e-33FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr17:18907460..18907461,-#_4b7d0da5a1379df5bdbaf2cb45cb5fe2p12@FAM83G
1.08e-33FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr17:18907460..18907461,-#_4b7d0da5a1379df5bdbaf2cb45cb5fe2p12@FAM83G
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr18:29006845..29006854,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr18:29006845..29006854, -
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr12:53232854..53232870,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr12:53232854..53232870, -
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr19:51530837..51530842,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p10@KLK11
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr17:39659331..39659336,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p20@KRT13
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr1:152382640..152382645,+#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr1:152382640..152382645, +
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr18:29006845..29006854,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr18:29006845..29006854, -
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr1:153362896..153362903,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p5@S100A8
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr20:46821059..46821069,+#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr20:46821059..46821069, +
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr1:153362896..153362903,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p5@S100A8
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr17:39659331..39659336,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p20@KRT13
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr2:178179611..178179619,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p4@ENST00000443132
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr12:53232854..53232870,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr12:53232854..53232870, -
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr2:178179611..178179619,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p4@ENST00000443132
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr3:124535316..124535340,+#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr3:124535316..124535340, +
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr11:67786884..67786893,+#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p2@AK129943
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr12:53673418..53673427,+#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p9@ESPL1
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr3:124535316..124535340,+#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr3:124535316..124535340, +
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr11:67786884..67786893,+#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p2@AK129943
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr6:30954084..30954093,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr6:30954084..30954093, -
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr6:30954084..30954093,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr6:30954084..30954093, -
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr12:53201485..53201493,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p15@KRT4
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr12:53673418..53673427,+#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p9@ESPL1
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr12:53201485..53201493,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p15@KRT4
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr19:51530837..51530842,-#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p10@KLK11
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr1:152382640..152382645,+#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr1:152382640..152382645, +
2.62e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr20:46821059..46821069,+#_284fe9f6ae29ebe07f404dd460ca7793p@chr20:46821059..46821069, +
3.27e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr8:77108050..77108053,-#_8618fd1ea389a2559894397ac0380954p@chr8:77108050..77108053, -
3.27e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr10:76900338..76900349,+#_8618fd1ea389a2559894397ac0380954p@chr10:76900338..76900349, +
3.27e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr1:152384720..152384731,-#_8618fd1ea389a2559894397ac0380954p3@CU689016
3.27e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr12:53203208..53203216,-#_8618fd1ea389a2559894397ac0380954p@chr12:53203208..53203216, -
3.27e-23FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr5:175837672..175837682,-#_8618fd1ea389a2559894397ac0380954p@chr5:175837672..175837682, -
3.27e-23FFCP PHASE2:Hg19::chr20:2321399..2321407,+#_8618fd1ea389a2559894397ac0380954p@chr20:2321399..2321407, +










Property "Property value" (as page type) with input value "UBPROP:0000001 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]" xsd:string" contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.