FFCP PHASE1:Hg19::chr22:39097393..39097425,-: Difference between revisions
From FANTOM5_SSTAR
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
|id=chr22:39097393..39097425,- | |id=chr22:39097393..39097425,- | ||
|ontology_enrichment_celltype=CL:0000738!7.24e-26!140;CL:0000542!1.88e-22!53;CL:0000051!1.88e-22!53;CL:0000838!2.07e-22!52;CL:0000037!2.43e-18!172;CL:0000566!2.43e-18!172;CL:0002087!4.93e-18!119;CL:0002031!1.13e-16!124;CL:0000988!1.21e-16!182;CL:0002032!5.53e-15!165;CL:0000837!5.53e-15!165;CL:0000945!2.49e-11!24;CL:0000826!2.49e-11!24;CL:0000084!4.32e-10!25;CL:0000827!4.32e-10!25;CL:0000791!7.17e-10!18;CL:0000789!7.17e-10!18;CL:0002420!7.17e-10!18;CL:0002419!7.17e-10!18;CL:0000790!7.17e-10!18;CL:0000236!7.02e-09!14 | |ontology_enrichment_celltype=CL:0000738!7.24e-26!140;CL:0000542!1.88e-22!53;CL:0000051!1.88e-22!53;CL:0000838!2.07e-22!52;CL:0000037!2.43e-18!172;CL:0000566!2.43e-18!172;CL:0002087!4.93e-18!119;CL:0002031!1.13e-16!124;CL:0000988!1.21e-16!182;CL:0002032!5.53e-15!165;CL:0000837!5.53e-15!165;CL:0000945!2.49e-11!24;CL:0000826!2.49e-11!24;CL:0000084!4.32e-10!25;CL:0000827!4.32e-10!25;CL:0000791!7.17e-10!18;CL:0000789!7.17e-10!18;CL:0002420!7.17e-10!18;CL:0002419!7.17e-10!18;CL:0000790!7.17e-10!18;CL:0000236!7.02e-09!14 | ||
|ontology_enrichment_celltype_v019=CL:0000542;7.58e-23;53!CL:0000791;3.33e-22;18!CL:0000789;3.33e-22;18!CL:0002419;3.33e-22;18!CL:0000236;2.84e-21;13!CL:0000094;6.63e-19;8!CL:0000624;3.55e-18;6!CL:0000084;8.49e-18;25!CL:0000081;1.95e-13;11!CL:0000451;7.44e-13;10!CL:0000945;9.24e-13;24!CL:0000767;1.07e-10;3!CL:0000623;1.07e-10;3!CL:0000784;3.15e-10;3!CL:0000453;7.28e-10;5!CL:0000226;1.02e-09;3!CL:0000842;1.02e-09;3!CL:0000625;1.25e-09;11!CL:0000898;2.41e-09;3!CL:0000990;2.74e-08;8!CL:0000738;7.67e-08;136!CL:0000771;9.70e-08;2!CL:0001014;3.12e-07;2!CL:0001016;3.12e-07;2!CL:0002087;3.84e-07;104!CL:0000815;6.69e-07;2!CL:0000792;6.69e-07;2!CL:0002677;6.69e-07;2 | |||
|ontology_enrichment_development_v019=CL:0000051;7.58e-23;53!CL:0000790;3.33e-22;18 | |||
|ontology_enrichment_disease= | |ontology_enrichment_disease= | ||
|ontology_enrichment_disease_v019= | |||
|ontology_enrichment_uberon= | |ontology_enrichment_uberon= | ||
|ontology_enrichment_uberon_v019= | |||
|phase1_expression=0,0.214100523890983,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.313454721478088,0,0,0,0.152826811495903,0.328402357799783,0.314843125254717,16.1279353508051,15.7370053219857,5.41856431606266,0,0,0,1.08454080812422,0.426507697462265,0.880801318004542,4.9859586767869,4.21143339687298,3.25516306073778,0.223915474239924,0,0,0.145398238779565,0.377875943688809,0,0,0,0.309706370895104,0,0.512321413058201,0,0,0,0,0.376484679085209,0.272906150057846,0,0.306083892370903,0.320929027076094,0.639337125799041,0.329851300186716,0.997318288108159,0,0.580418477257168,0,1.24564449799115,0,0.521482918420201,0.217188844705117,0,0.736555271975129,0,0.211255286311942,0,0,0.336985893439485,0,0,0.570025487482497,0.19891667719909,0.182664153764634,1.75996244461323,0,1.77901850772711,2.13365111283254,1.20118796110804,1.72425731986345,1.98313461835459,2.86216126360609,15.3687501659551,21.1405388173538,16.4377488093848,9.25199300053181,9.52864557068611,0.790152254325231,10.0321982758055,10.6112905942274,11.308082444973,0.668745981562712,4.88883399950386,5.20792586308207,0,0.445641827540694,1.76763544484902,1.77227115666897,0.812411591295047,0.128091319725675,0.520237390239513,0.822189523018381,0.276350017785848,0.289803085735052,1.03800594213442,1.60524496853828,0,0.113309342697566,1.53288197440768,4.46715679127419,2.53019692019503,0.637130828648193,0.651083453856419,0,1.05402583354441,0.895906278080929,1.24930726552346,1.4206635122641,0,22.3783484979453,22.1975362500311,16.7996308504047,2.43806866313962,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.0945348171640679,0,0.175669571386252,0.261958150995425,0.364295288292542,0,0,0.174129737299267,0,8.34717185068697,3.43196946468077,8.17206502925043,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.35576626268671,0,0.402829317109147,0,0,0,0,0.17859945656816,0,0,0,0,0.183201743930407,13.1780417436063,15.511210565933,0.436094052142534,0,0.12663051166458,0.132409180813219,0,0,0,0,0.24666754841716,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.286804595389004,0.121973706129595,0,0,0.10366105501537,0.252320850875628,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.118306800039844,0.505754070234305,0.723033089650446,0.110293972732394,0.217879444092406,0.237270619111097,0.269662616320329,0.392442930250692,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2.6487785964879,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.115930404975077,0.117408694235822,0.144366447761074,0,0,0,0.858486162094873,0,0,0,0,0.16798212819886,0,0.268675568108545,0.290633938513962,0.383382679165211,0,0,0,0.288239906833923,0.75745460055828,0,0,0,0,0.102827492703324,0,0,0,0,0,0.258543431515556,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.224170287987055,14.3832454947407,13.5845372161496,11.6792163014571,0,0,0,0,0.637938751653163,1.49801404789436,0,2.90090859405225,0,0,0,0.207970861530807,0,0,0,0.300946099727719,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3.3082884179662,1.94142780736755,5.54983300577911,0,0,0.30239029332968,0,0.153461973288062,0.561320188866147,0.128139149255701,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.362578348774867,0,0.0920809889358963,0,0,0,1.80479845162965,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.215915916102139,0,0,0,0.254876273045038,1.66215201785745,0,0.219259876645935,0,0,0,0.325378394664303,0.103041011647722,0,0,0,0,0,0.096670718292122,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.0890320356467374,0.330569830721956,0.192190067365106,0,0.2023155617111,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.143124886741991,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.66343897524122,0.438450885253763,0,0,0,0.30982349809975,0,0,0.0982490410131212,0,0,0.211107635297664,0,0,0.349934720244983,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.443430153536676,0,0.507447609232169,0,0,0,0.411362273086194,0,0,0,0,0,0.490080431962063,0.185803175125719,0.432807638929335,0.213425530045242,0.159426272728822,0,0.191505370132367,0.211673582723883,0,0.280797178113459,0,0,0,0.169291777801603,0,0,0,0,0,0.223676107892416,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.146508179271894,0,0.111443384277478,0,0.23874448473769,0.593929361665277,0.614321404198464,0.994147647766298,0.562677665642051,0.779160935160341,0,0,0.398495976502139,0.552567831062295,0,0.102268682502155,0.123084805461069,0,0.359473404589307,0.179021174675609,0,0.0986434056369336,0,0,0,0.371072392647405,0,0.520855522170466,1.39935999993913,0.724999575434793,0,0.254253650292766,0.709163045303809,0,0.291604613383254,0,0,1.08536794762867,0,0,0.295547618953547,0.219385397153973,0.435753854075961,0.557694977114413,0.230850775511391,0,0.23056390438806,0.179515288819544,0.217294743844016,0,0,0.533034776018635,1.02193298195737,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.158936578980379,0.210998064528027,0.326465616318295,0,0,0,0.0884575645033392,0,0.296521128680622,0.247127877893006,0.104421949505455,0.269604531922708,0.802577647298789,0,0.364909578431332,0.19566461893209,0.242780379534093,0,0,0,0.379119477770928,2.1045278718029,0.622129148383483,0,0.330991955875499,0,0,0,0,0.347119476670262,0.685946781900644,0.34823682632161,0.34945333648406,0.171986032471617,0.677294319023596,0.950161122120412,0.492692742319255,0.193978032976839,0.0882561266915003,0,0,0,0.126621591911757,0.195551382734803,0,0,0,0.144090417154106,0,0.514784993585894,0.576219191952599,0,0.707082103850386,0,0,0,0.288950589901519,0,0,1.27746588066972,0,0.262887354279314,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.268733889946905,0.360299883542404,2.32991899054908,0.0787831823072236,0.247247575143499,0.337017719270924,0.0984274815147488,0.169346664131569,0,0.272406812223151,0,0.275078873194468,0.415440338029185,4.49947783103001,3.86900977278975,0.425246896606173,0,0.157611414598396,0.104909176269996,0.105600336519406,0,0.383830394638891,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.113312091520126,0,0,0.258565912723101,0,0.171086837884329,0,0.106787412567695,0.314408610199332,0.414239055347196,0,0,0.974340787047167,2.55336503108073,0.544017803369474,0,0.306345576763462,0,0.157054096250234,0,0.244052529803926,0,0,0,0.310482014706917,0.276697269872462,0,0,0,0.235265819698172,0,0.144921028610825,0,0,0,0.189403005275089,0,0,0,0.302461847526478,0.15543720058278,0.147855149989634,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.181848659202559,0.322231671127465,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.385239660814607,0,0.260994291965212,0,0,0,0,0.308801447160972,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.138258436151731,1.94860308839388,2.65729680626726,0.981392365535065,0,0,0,0.39997479170986,0,0.172214979660816,0,0,0.139879507719444,0.622077260032973,0.511577485214607,0.107824811396682,0.157265941855896,0.109209638192014,0,0,0,0,0,0.157723490002507,0,0,0,0.128458450192919,1.41696576325585,0,0,0,0.622415272177961,0,0,0.687034029507179,0.235939446695481,0.733714394086716,0.577628330751691,0,0,0,0.300841313397029,1.0085253435176,0,0,0,0.147856086217045,0.0675375846183947,0,0.206686796501184,0.253663240775627,0,0,0.496211178389294,0.175871244359621,0.511049710558381,0,0,0.606965604236632,0,0.0887023701626388,0.691403925334676,0,0.0679697329768317,0.263091094251396,0.236387681767936,0.333694205676207,0.39246546425257,0.471346769748006,0.280272163313789,0.913158720509496,0.215927591218621,0,0.285906176706625,0.158013611732727,0,0,0,0,0.3414369541879,0,0,0,0,0,0.9164274741762,0.31020638566432,0,0.111855431797792,0.098150233615243,0.243835849964539,0,0.821302454849976,0,0,0.233939463462106,0.198950775161368,0,0.11294608203896,0.219881033490858,0.603851374266694,0.154348316215889,0.218559560503957,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.193373663920732,0.599646935549574,0,0,0.240724100067505,0,0.458729283404541,0,0,0.339957450954573,0,0,0,0,0,0.126166424835079,0,0,0.305966489225945,0,0.0918948995348449,0.752122617877125,0.303114792872958,0.267964130156178,0,0.103432995861895,0.426467963801962,0.714193294391221,0.387533459016037,0.372448285775147,0.112131862580613,0.190941474834495,0.404234377916439,0.870866991587845,0.342233301085281,0.471464371102113,0.286888821570705,0.332660356546013,0.162806537221949,0.213454691755431,0,0,0,0.488965776731466,0,0.665756774185513,0.402547587182052,0.961705476909699 | |phase1_expression=0,0.214100523890983,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.313454721478088,0,0,0,0.152826811495903,0.328402357799783,0.314843125254717,16.1279353508051,15.7370053219857,5.41856431606266,0,0,0,1.08454080812422,0.426507697462265,0.880801318004542,4.9859586767869,4.21143339687298,3.25516306073778,0.223915474239924,0,0,0.145398238779565,0.377875943688809,0,0,0,0.309706370895104,0,0.512321413058201,0,0,0,0,0.376484679085209,0.272906150057846,0,0.306083892370903,0.320929027076094,0.639337125799041,0.329851300186716,0.997318288108159,0,0.580418477257168,0,1.24564449799115,0,0.521482918420201,0.217188844705117,0,0.736555271975129,0,0.211255286311942,0,0,0.336985893439485,0,0,0.570025487482497,0.19891667719909,0.182664153764634,1.75996244461323,0,1.77901850772711,2.13365111283254,1.20118796110804,1.72425731986345,1.98313461835459,2.86216126360609,15.3687501659551,21.1405388173538,16.4377488093848,9.25199300053181,9.52864557068611,0.790152254325231,10.0321982758055,10.6112905942274,11.308082444973,0.668745981562712,4.88883399950386,5.20792586308207,0,0.445641827540694,1.76763544484902,1.77227115666897,0.812411591295047,0.128091319725675,0.520237390239513,0.822189523018381,0.276350017785848,0.289803085735052,1.03800594213442,1.60524496853828,0,0.113309342697566,1.53288197440768,4.46715679127419,2.53019692019503,0.637130828648193,0.651083453856419,0,1.05402583354441,0.895906278080929,1.24930726552346,1.4206635122641,0,22.3783484979453,22.1975362500311,16.7996308504047,2.43806866313962,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.0945348171640679,0,0.175669571386252,0.261958150995425,0.364295288292542,0,0,0.174129737299267,0,8.34717185068697,3.43196946468077,8.17206502925043,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.35576626268671,0,0.402829317109147,0,0,0,0,0.17859945656816,0,0,0,0,0.183201743930407,13.1780417436063,15.511210565933,0.436094052142534,0,0.12663051166458,0.132409180813219,0,0,0,0,0.24666754841716,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.286804595389004,0.121973706129595,0,0,0.10366105501537,0.252320850875628,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.118306800039844,0.505754070234305,0.723033089650446,0.110293972732394,0.217879444092406,0.237270619111097,0.269662616320329,0.392442930250692,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2.6487785964879,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.115930404975077,0.117408694235822,0.144366447761074,0,0,0,0.858486162094873,0,0,0,0,0.16798212819886,0,0.268675568108545,0.290633938513962,0.383382679165211,0,0,0,0.288239906833923,0.75745460055828,0,0,0,0,0.102827492703324,0,0,0,0,0,0.258543431515556,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.224170287987055,14.3832454947407,13.5845372161496,11.6792163014571,0,0,0,0,0.637938751653163,1.49801404789436,0,2.90090859405225,0,0,0,0.207970861530807,0,0,0,0.300946099727719,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3.3082884179662,1.94142780736755,5.54983300577911,0,0,0.30239029332968,0,0.153461973288062,0.561320188866147,0.128139149255701,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.362578348774867,0,0.0920809889358963,0,0,0,1.80479845162965,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.215915916102139,0,0,0,0.254876273045038,1.66215201785745,0,0.219259876645935,0,0,0,0.325378394664303,0.103041011647722,0,0,0,0,0,0.096670718292122,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.0890320356467374,0.330569830721956,0.192190067365106,0,0.2023155617111,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.143124886741991,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.66343897524122,0.438450885253763,0,0,0,0.30982349809975,0,0,0.0982490410131212,0,0,0.211107635297664,0,0,0.349934720244983,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.443430153536676,0,0.507447609232169,0,0,0,0.411362273086194,0,0,0,0,0,0.490080431962063,0.185803175125719,0.432807638929335,0.213425530045242,0.159426272728822,0,0.191505370132367,0.211673582723883,0,0.280797178113459,0,0,0,0.169291777801603,0,0,0,0,0,0.223676107892416,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.146508179271894,0,0.111443384277478,0,0.23874448473769,0.593929361665277,0.614321404198464,0.994147647766298,0.562677665642051,0.779160935160341,0,0,0.398495976502139,0.552567831062295,0,0.102268682502155,0.123084805461069,0,0.359473404589307,0.179021174675609,0,0.0986434056369336,0,0,0,0.371072392647405,0,0.520855522170466,1.39935999993913,0.724999575434793,0,0.254253650292766,0.709163045303809,0,0.291604613383254,0,0,1.08536794762867,0,0,0.295547618953547,0.219385397153973,0.435753854075961,0.557694977114413,0.230850775511391,0,0.23056390438806,0.179515288819544,0.217294743844016,0,0,0.533034776018635,1.02193298195737,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.158936578980379,0.210998064528027,0.326465616318295,0,0,0,0.0884575645033392,0,0.296521128680622,0.247127877893006,0.104421949505455,0.269604531922708,0.802577647298789,0,0.364909578431332,0.19566461893209,0.242780379534093,0,0,0,0.379119477770928,2.1045278718029,0.622129148383483,0,0.330991955875499,0,0,0,0,0.347119476670262,0.685946781900644,0.34823682632161,0.34945333648406,0.171986032471617,0.677294319023596,0.950161122120412,0.492692742319255,0.193978032976839,0.0882561266915003,0,0,0,0.126621591911757,0.195551382734803,0,0,0,0.144090417154106,0,0.514784993585894,0.576219191952599,0,0.707082103850386,0,0,0,0.288950589901519,0,0,1.27746588066972,0,0.262887354279314,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.268733889946905,0.360299883542404,2.32991899054908,0.0787831823072236,0.247247575143499,0.337017719270924,0.0984274815147488,0.169346664131569,0,0.272406812223151,0,0.275078873194468,0.415440338029185,4.49947783103001,3.86900977278975,0.425246896606173,0,0.157611414598396,0.104909176269996,0.105600336519406,0,0.383830394638891,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.113312091520126,0,0,0.258565912723101,0,0.171086837884329,0,0.106787412567695,0.314408610199332,0.414239055347196,0,0,0.974340787047167,2.55336503108073,0.544017803369474,0,0.306345576763462,0,0.157054096250234,0,0.244052529803926,0,0,0,0.310482014706917,0.276697269872462,0,0,0,0.235265819698172,0,0.144921028610825,0,0,0,0.189403005275089,0,0,0,0.302461847526478,0.15543720058278,0.147855149989634,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.181848659202559,0.322231671127465,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.385239660814607,0,0.260994291965212,0,0,0,0,0.308801447160972,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.138258436151731,1.94860308839388,2.65729680626726,0.981392365535065,0,0,0,0.39997479170986,0,0.172214979660816,0,0,0.139879507719444,0.622077260032973,0.511577485214607,0.107824811396682,0.157265941855896,0.109209638192014,0,0,0,0,0,0.157723490002507,0,0,0,0.128458450192919,1.41696576325585,0,0,0,0.622415272177961,0,0,0.687034029507179,0.235939446695481,0.733714394086716,0.577628330751691,0,0,0,0.300841313397029,1.0085253435176,0,0,0,0.147856086217045,0.0675375846183947,0,0.206686796501184,0.253663240775627,0,0,0.496211178389294,0.175871244359621,0.511049710558381,0,0,0.606965604236632,0,0.0887023701626388,0.691403925334676,0,0.0679697329768317,0.263091094251396,0.236387681767936,0.333694205676207,0.39246546425257,0.471346769748006,0.280272163313789,0.913158720509496,0.215927591218621,0,0.285906176706625,0.158013611732727,0,0,0,0,0.3414369541879,0,0,0,0,0,0.9164274741762,0.31020638566432,0,0.111855431797792,0.098150233615243,0.243835849964539,0,0.821302454849976,0,0,0.233939463462106,0.198950775161368,0,0.11294608203896,0.219881033490858,0.603851374266694,0.154348316215889,0.218559560503957,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.193373663920732,0.599646935549574,0,0,0.240724100067505,0,0.458729283404541,0,0,0.339957450954573,0,0,0,0,0,0.126166424835079,0,0,0.305966489225945,0,0.0918948995348449,0.752122617877125,0.303114792872958,0.267964130156178,0,0.103432995861895,0.426467963801962,0.714193294391221,0.387533459016037,0.372448285775147,0.112131862580613,0.190941474834495,0.404234377916439,0.870866991587845,0.342233301085281,0.471464371102113,0.286888821570705,0.332660356546013,0.162806537221949,0.213454691755431,0,0,0,0.488965776731466,0,0.665756774185513,0.402547587182052,0.961705476909699 | ||
|short_description=p7@JOSD1 | |short_description=p7@JOSD1 | ||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 22:45, 11 August 2012
Short description: | p7@JOSD1 |
---|---|
Species: | Human (Homo sapiens) |
DPI dataset: | NA |
TSS-like-by-RIKEN-classifier(Yes/No): | NA |
DHS support(Yes/No): | NA |
Description: | CAGE_peak_7_at_JOSD1_5end |
Coexpression cluster: | C123_CD19_Natural_CD8_CD4_CD14_Peripheral_Basophils |
Association with transcript: | 0bp_to_ENST00000490169_5end |
EntrezGene: | JOSD1 |
HGNC: | 28953 |
UniProt: | NA |
Genome view: | ZENBU |
View on UCSC genome browser
CAGE Expression
- Click each plot point to find sample in table
Ontology-based sample term enrichment analysis<b>Summary:</b>This analysis has been performed by utilizing wilcoxon rank sum test.When the number of associated cells/tissues are > n , randomly sampled n cells/tissues are used for P value calculation with rank sum test. this process are repeated several times, and the P values are averaged on the log space <br><b>Analyst:</b> Hideya Kawaji<br><br>link to source dataset<br>data
Ontology term | p-value | n |
---|
Ontology term | p-value | n |
---|
Ontology term | p-value | n |
---|
Property "Dpi dataset" (as page type) with input value "{{{DPIdataset}}}" contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.
Property "TSS like by RIKEN classifier" (as page type) with input value "{{{TSSclassifier}}}" contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.
Property "DHS support" (as page type) with input value "{{{DHSsupport}}}" contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.